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Short-term vs long-term capital gains

The holding period that decides the rate on a sale: one year or less is short-term and taxed as ordinary income; more than one year is long-term and taxed at 0, 15, or 20 percent. The clock starts the day after purchase.

What is Short-term vs long-term capital gains?

The holding period that decides the rate on a sale: one year or less is short-term and taxed as ordinary income; more than one year is long-term and taxed at 0, 15, or 20 percent. The clock starts the day after purchase.

Short-term vs long-term

Short-term: held one year or less, ordinary rates up to 37 percent. Long-term: held more than one year, 0, 15, or 20 percent, plus the 3.8 percent net investment income tax above the thresholds in both cases.

Why it matters on your return

The difference can be 15 points or more of rate on the same gain. For crypto, the per-wallet lot rules decide which lot is sold and therefore which holding period applies, so lot selection is a rate decision.

Example

A trader in the 35 percent bracket sells ETH bought 11 months ago for a $20,000 gain: about $7,000 of tax. Holding one more month makes it long-term at 15 percent: $3,000.

Does the holding period restart when I move crypto between wallets?

No. Transfers between your own wallets are not sales; the original purchase date carries over.

Source: IRC 1(h); IRC 1222

Last reviewed September 17, 2026. Tax rules change; confirm current law before acting.

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